Sivadai (Operculina turpethum)

Sivadai, nishoth in Hindi and trivrit in Sanskrit, is turpeth, a twining morning-glory whose root is one of Ayurveda’s main purgatives. It is used in virechana, the purging therapy of panchakarma, and in many classical formulas. The root contains a resin that strongly stimulates the bowels. It should only be used under a trained practitioner.

Botanical name: Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso
Family: Convolvulaceae
Tamil: Sivadai
Hindi: Nishoth
Sanskrit: Trivṛt
Parts used: Root in lists
Habit: Twining morning-glory with a strongly purgative root
Last updated: 2026-10-27

How to recognise Sivadai

It is a perennial twining climber with stems that carry three to five thin wings.

The leaves are heart-shaped to oval, softly hairy, and variable in shape.

Large white, funnel-shaped morning-glory flowers grow in small clusters.

The fruit is a round capsule enclosed by large, papery, enlarged sepals.

The root is long, fleshy and contains a milky, resinous sap.

Traditional use of Sivadai

Ayurveda

Trivrit root is the principal herb for virechana, the purgation step of panchakarma.

Ayurvedic practice

Siddha

Sivadai root is used in Siddha purgative preparations.

Siddha practice

Modern notes on Sivadai

The purgative action comes from resin glycosides, sometimes called turpethin.

White-rooted and black-rooted forms are recognised in Ayurveda; the black form is considered harsher.

Studies on extracts are mostly laboratory and animal work.

Sivadai safety

Turpeth causes strong diarrhoea and can lead to dehydration and salt imbalance. Never use it in pregnancy, for children, the elderly or anyone with bowel disease, and only under a trained practitioner.

Ecology and sourcing

It grows in hedges and forest edges from India to South-east Asia and northern Australia.

Bees visit the white flowers.

It dies back to its fleshy root in the dry season.

Related plants

Also in Convolvulaceae

Questions about Sivadai

What is trivrit?

The Sanskrit name for turpeth root.

What is Sivadai used for?

As a strong purgative in Ayurveda.

Is Sivadai safe at home?

No. It should only be used under a practitioner.

Is Sivadai a morning glory?

Yes, a member of the morning-glory family.

How can I recognise Sivadai?

Look for winged stems and white funnel flowers.

Sources

Educational page about a plant. It is not medical advice, not a diagnosis, and not an offer to sell. Traditional use is historical. If you need care, ask a licensed clinician. Questions: hello@meevamed.com.